Abstract
The study analyzed the organization of the educational process for 5th to 7th-grade students at School No. 51 in the Toshloq District of Fergana Region, assessing compliance with the requirements of SanPiN No. 0341–16 "Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Conditions and Organization of Education in Public Schools." The educational activity in the school was evaluated based on chronometry. The monitored school has eight middle school classes, which attend classes in a six-day schedule during the first shift. In 5-A class, there are 34 students (9 over the norm), in 5-B class there are 30 students (5 over the norm), in 6-A class there are 31 students, 6-B class has 28 students (3-6 over the norm), and it was determined that in grades 7-8 there are 1-3 students less than expected. The daily workload for grades 5-8 was 5-6 hours, and the total time spent in school was 8.4 and 9.0 hours, constituting 73.3-81.6% of time in middle grades. The weekly workload for middle school students is 29 hours in 5th grade, which is 3 hours less than the norm; in 6th grades, it is 30 and 31 hours (norm is 33 hours); the 7th grade meets the norm, and in the 8th grade, it is 2-3 hours below the norm. The structure of the class schedule for middle school students does not meet hygienic requirements, with complex lessons scheduled for the first and last periods on all days of the week. For example, in 7-B class on Monday, the Uzbek language and chemistry were scheduled in periods 1-2, while physics and a foreign language are in periods 4-5. On Saturday, the subjects include Uzbek language, algebra, foreign language, and geometry during periods 2-3-4-5. In challenging weeks, the complexity level of lessons in the 5th grade ranged from 24 to 28 points, while on Saturday it was 38-36 points. In the 6-A class, the complexity was 42 points on Monday, 29-22 points on Wednesday, 47-49 points on Friday, and 34 and 46 points on Saturday. In the 7-A class, it was 55 points on Monday, 50 points on Friday, and 38-55 points on Saturday. In the 8th grade, complexity was 35-43 points on Monday, 33-24 points on Tuesday, and 39-52 points on Saturday. The complexity of lessons was not considered. If measures are not developed to improve this situation, it will not only decrease students' ability to work but also create conditions for their nervous-psychological state to deteriorate and the development of somatic diseases.
References
Amgalan, G., & Pogorelova, I. G. (2018). Hygienic assessment of factors shaping the health of students in Mongolia. Health and Quality of Life, 65-70.
Valina, S. L., Shtina, I. E., Osheva, L. V., Ustinova, O. Yu., & Eisfeld, D. A. (2019). Hygienic assessment of the educational process in schools with various educational programs. Hygiene and Sanitation, 98(2), 166-170. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-2-166-170.
Goncharova, D. G., Sokolova, A. I., & Izotova, L. V. (2023). Self-assessment of health status and lifestyle as a basis for forming students' ideas about health preservation. Russian Journal of Hygiene, 1, 4-8.
Dolgaleva, V. E., & Lipanova, L. L. (2021). The impact of the organization of the educational process during distance learning on the health of school-age children. In Current Issues in Modern Medical Science and Healthcare: Proceedings of the VI International Scientific and Practical Conference of Young Scientists and Students Dedicated to the Year of Science and Technology (Yekaterinburg, April 8-9, 2021), Vol. 1, pp. 537-542. Yekaterinburg: UGMU.
Zaitseva, N. V., Ustinova, O. Yu., Luzhetsky, K. P., Maklakov, O. A., Zemlyanova, M. A., Dolgikh, O. V., Klein, S. V., & Nikiforova, N. V. (2017). Health risks associated with health disturbances in primary school students due to increased intensity and tension of the educational process. Risk Analysis for Health, 1, 66-83.
Izhoikina, L. V. (2023). Implementation of health-saving educational technologies in life safety education classes. Shamov Readings, 555-561.
Makarova, V. I., Pavlova, A. N., & Makarova, A. I. (2020). Risk factors affecting adolescent health in Russia and the USA: a literature review. Human Ecology, 7, 40-46.
Kuchma, V. R., Tkachuk, E. A., & Efimova, N. V. (2015). Hygienic assessment of the intensification of educational activities for children in modern conditions. Questions of School and University Medicine and Health, 1, 4-11.
Kuchma, V. R., Efimova, N. V., Tkachuk, E. A., & Mylnikova, I. V. (2016). Hygienic assessment of the intensity of educational activities for students in grades 5-10 of general education schools. Hygiene and Sanitation, 95(6), 552-558.
Setko, I. M., & Setko, N. P. (2018). Modern problems of the health status of schoolchildren under the complex influence of environmental factors. Orenburg Medical Bulletin, 6(2), 4-13.
Setko, A. G., Terekhova, E. A., Tyurin, A. V., & Mokeeva, M. M. (2018). Features of the neuropsychological status and quality of life of children and adolescents as a result of the impact of risk factors in the educational environment. Risk Analysis for Health, 2, 62-69.
Sukhoveeva, N. D., & Machulina, M. A. (2020). Prevention of educational risk factors under decentralization and innovation in education. Science, Society, Culture: Problems and Prospects of Interaction in the Modern World, 14-37.
Suvorova, A. V., Yakubova, I. Sh., & Meltser, A. V. (2017). Sanitary and hygienic provision of the daily routine and educational processes in general educational organizations. Preventive and Clinical Medicine, 1, 12-19.
Ermatov, N. J., & Yusufov, N. I. (2024). Hygienic analysis of microclimate parameters in school classrooms. Journal of the Association of Pulmonologists of Central Asia, 9(03), 81-87.
SHNQ 2.07.01-03 "Urban Planning. Planning for the Development and Construction of Urban and Rural Settlements." SHNQ 2.08.02-09 "Public Buildings and Structures."
Ermatov, N. J., Yusufov, N. I., & Alimukhamedov, D. SH. (2021). Hygienic Analysis of the Educational Process in Schools in Hot Climates During the COVID-19 Pandemic. American Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 11(10), 734-739.
Ermatov, Nizom Jumakulovich, Jumakulov, Mukhammadmirzo, Khamroev, Farmon Mardonovich, Tosheva, Shokhida Khimmatovna, Akhunova, Makhfuza Adkhamovna, & Ashurova, Mukaddas Djaloliddinovna. Hygienic analysis of microclimate parameters in primary school classes during the winter period of the year. In Proceedings of the XIII International Scientific and Practical Conference. Science, Innovations, Education: Current Issues of the 21st Century. Penza, Russia. March 15, 2025.
Ermatov, Nizom Jumakulovich, Akhunova, Makhfuza Adkhamovna, Jumakulov, Mukhammadmirzo, & Khamroev, Farmon Mardonovich, Tosheva, Shokhida Khimmatovna. Analysis of the daily routine and the educational process in primary school classes. In Proceedings of the VIII International Scientific and Practical Conference on Current Issues of Science 2025. Held on March 15, 2025, in Penza, Russia. pp. 142-145.